Johannesburg compared with all land on Earth

The area around Johannesburg scores 38 of 100 today: lower combined natural hazard than 38% of the land on Earth.

Ten pillars (0–100)

• Heat63temperature
• Flood41rivers
• Wind64storms
• Earthquake18quakes
• Wildfire10fires
• Climate velocity84warming
• Air8pollution
• Water14scarcity
• Coast54sea-rise
• Ground34landslides

SSP5-8.5 2085 stress test

Under the SSP5-8.5 stress test for 2085, the combined score is 31 of 100.

This cell's combined hazard score is 38.1; its strongest pillar is climate velocity at 83.5 and its weakest is air quality at 8.1. Flood. Flood pillar 41.0, safer than 41% of land cells; modelled hundred-year river flood depth 0 m. Source: WRI Aqueduct Floods (vintage: WRI Aqueduct Floods v2 (historical baseline, 100-year RP)); ERA5 (vintage: ERA5 reanalysis 1991-2020). Hurricane. Wind pillar 63.7, safer than 27% of land cells and level with 73%; tropical storm passes nearby 0 storms/decade. Source: IBTrACS (vintage: v04r01). Earthquake. Earthquake pillar 18.0, safer than 18% of land cells; large earthquakes nearby since the start of the century before last 0 events/century. Source: USGS ComCat (vintage: ComCat M≥6.5 1900–2025, M≥5 1973–2025); USGS Slab2 (vintage: Slab2, March 2018). Air quality. Air quality pillar 8.1, safer than 8% of land cells; fine-particle air pollution 35.1 µg/m³. Source: Washington University SatPM2.5 (vintage: 2020-2024 annual mean). Climate velocity. Climate velocity pillar 83.5, safer than 84% of land cells; observed warming rate 0.20 °C/decade. Source: NASA GISTEMP (vintage: 2024). Coverage: Tornado records cover the United States only, so this area has no tornado reading: a gap in the record, not a measured zero. This is a statistical summary of public hazard data, not advice about any property or decision.

Terra scores ~10 km hexagonal cells from public global datasets — it is area analysis, not a property assessment. Tornado history covers the United States only; flood hazard is modeled at ~1 km and ignores local defenses; hurricane records before 1966 and wildfire records before 2001 are incomplete. Where data is missing or coarse for your area, Terra says so instead of guessing.

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